The Germ Theory - 850 Words

â€Å"In the light of the germ theory†¦[d]jseases are to be considered as a struggle between the organism and the parasites invading it.† The aforementioned quote, by Henry Gandle, a professor of physiology at Chicago Medical College, characterizes the germ theory through the collective human struggle against disease inducing microorganisms. In a period of discovery, where the nature of various germs and diseases were brought to light, the common conception encompassed a war between humans and diseases; this analogy to a war implicates a united effort on the part of the human race in battling these dangerous microorganisms. Tomes writes in The Gospel of Germs not only of the different scientific discoveries associated with the emergent germ†¦show more content†¦In the Southwood-Smith excerpt, he depicts the ideal method of quarantine as influenced by â€Å"neither ancient prejudices, nor an excess of anxiety to avert possible danger, should induce the continuan ce of restrictions inessential to their object.† In other words, Southwood-Smith acknowledges not only the active societal biases, but also that these partialities can enter the medical realm through prejudicial treatment of disease. A society with such prominent discrimination, including in those with medical clout, has the capacity to formulate racial and class bias in germ theory that is but an extension of already existing anxieties concerning other ‘less well off’ members of society. Rather than bringing people together in response to the fear of disease, quarantine had the capacity to create a more segregated society praying on the middle and upper-class fears of disease spreading through the other, discriminated members of society. African Americans are among the societal groups that lacked the societal cohesiveness Tomes attributes to the gospel of germs insofar as they remained segregates and relatively uneducated on the new germ theories in comparison t o other members of society. In an

The Death Penalty And Wrongful Convictions - 980 Words

The death penalty has been a controversial topic among society for ages. An issue often brought up when discussing the legality of capital punishment is wrongful convictions. Advocates of the death penalty say that, while wrongful convictions are an issue, those few cases do not outweigh the need for lawful execution of felons who are, without a doubt, guilty. On the other hand, the opponents argue that the death penalty is wrong from both a legal and moral standpoint, an ineffective form of punishment, and should, ultimately, be outlawed. With both advocates and challengers constantly debating on this topic, the death penalty and wrongful convictions continue to be hot buttons issues for Americans and people throughout the world. In Jonah Goldberg’s article, Why Death Penalty Opponents Can’t Win, he dwells on how opponents of capital punishment may seem selective with the cases they bring up to challenge the death penalty. In his article, Goldberg expresses how he beli eves that abolitionists base their opinions of capital punishment, more or less, off of the fact that there is no way to be absolutely certain of a person’s guilt. He then goes on to state that these opponents cannot win because the cases they make public are more sympathetic in nature (12). While he calls this a good strategy (12), Goldberg goes on to express how he and many advocates believes that one wrongly accused person’s execution does not invalidate the need to lawfully execute the men and women whoShow MoreRelatedThe Wrongful Convictions Of The Death Penalty2050 Words   |  9 Pagesfour percent of them receive the death penalty being completely innocent. Scenarios like this happen all the time because there are more and more false persecutions each day which can be easily avoided. Many people are occupying prisons all over the world, for felonies they did not execute. More than 200 people have been exonerated through DNA testing nationwide. But why do these wrongful convictions keep happening? Well, in nearly 25 years since post-conviction DNA evidence has been used to demonstrateRead MoreThe Wrongful Convictions Of The Death Penalty2260 Words   |  10 Pagesfour percent of them receive the death penalty being completely innocent. Scenarios like this happen all the time because there are more and more false persecutions each day which can be easily avoided. Many people are occupying prisons all over the world, for felonies they did not execute. More than 200 people have been exonerated through DNA testing nationwide. But why do these wrongful convictions keep happening? Well, in nearly 25 years since post-conviction DNA evidence has been used to demonstrateRead MoreWrongful Conviction And The Death Penalty3795 Words   |  16 Pagesto twenty years in prison or the death penalty? The teenage years and mid-twenties heading into the thirties are supposed to be the best time in life for any individual, but also imagine all of those years taken away because the time spent in prison. No marriage, no more activities with kids or watching them grow up, can’t travel anywhere for vacation, all the holidays with family will disappear and other lifetime activities are gone as well. Wrongful conviction has been a huge issue for centuriesRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Abolished1132 Words   |  5 Pagesthat has the death penalty (Jurisdictions with no recent executions, 2017). Although thirty-one states have a death penalty, executions are rare or non-existing in most states (Jurisdictions with no recent executions, 2015). In 2015, only six states carried out executions (Jurisdictions with no recent executions, 2015). The death penalty has been a topic people argued over since it was first established. Many arguments have been made stating the positive impact from the death penalty, but there hasRead MoreDeath Penalty1333 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Death Penalty: Yes or No? Amanda Nichole Hester ENG 2001 Instructor Gary Henry September 28, 2013 The debate over the death penalty has been looming over the United States of America for numerous years. The death penalty/ sentence has been around since 5th century B.C. The practice of sentencing someone to death dates back to when the colonists settled in the New World. The controversy that the death penalty has caused in the United States is startling withinRead MoreThe Supreme Court s Court1135 Words   |  5 Pagesalmost all extraditions from Canada that do not contain assurances that the death penalty will not be imposed violate the principles of fundamental justice. In that respect, â€Å"in all but exceptional cases† any exercise of the Minister’s discretion that purports to grant an unconditional extradition in light of a capital sentence is void under s. 7 of the Charter. This ruling now shifts Canada’s approach to death penalty extradition in line with that of most European states, including France, ItalyRead MoreThe Death Penalty And The Crimi nal Justice System1475 Words   |  6 PagesThe death penalty has been used as a form of punishments in the United States since the American colonies in the 1600’s (Del Carmen, 2015). The country has divided opinions about the proper procedures used by the criminal justice system to convict a person to live or death. The death penalty has created a public policy issue that has produced wide scholarly research, public debate and legal attention. The reality is that the majority on Americans support the death penalty. Only a small proportionRead MoreIdentifying Innocent People On Death Row1381 Words   |  6 PagesJackie Delaney Professor Nagy The World of Crime Fiction 12/14/15 Identifying Innocent People on Death Row through DNA Evidence How has DNA evidence helped to identify innocent people on death row? This topic raises the question of how many people on death row should truly be there and what percent are innocent. Jay D. Aronson works at Carnegie Mellon University as an Assistant Professor of Science, Technology and Society, and Simon A. Cole works at the University of California as an AssistantRead MoreIn The Beginning Of The 1930’S Wrongful Convictions Tended1228 Words   |  5 PagesIn the beginning of the 1930’s wrongful convictions tended to attract quite a bit of attention in the United States, but it mostly focuses on the individual cases. Some have extensively with the more visibility cases such as the Scottsboro boys, the Lindbergh baby kidnapping and murder and more recent cases like the the Randall Dale Adams case in Texas who faced wrongful conviction, imprisonment, and near execution. Some cases have the attention of the public, including the Sam Sheppard case, whichRead MoreThe Dea th Penalty Should Be Abolished1403 Words   |  6 Pagesabolishing the death penalty is still a controversial debate. The legal system is there to defend the cries of the innocent, yet it cannot seem to determine who the innocents are. Until the voice of its people can be defended, the death penalty should be abolished. It is administering its punishments hoping they have the right perpetrator. It’s basically a guessing game and that should not be the case when it comes to who will end up getting deprived of their life. The death penalty is a racially

Lupe Fiasco - Kendrick Lamar - and J. Cole Song Lyrics Analysis

Question: Lupe Fiasco, Kendrick Lamar, and J. Cole are a part of the new wave of conscious rappers. Pick two to three songs of these artists or similar artists and critically analyze the content of the lyrics and associated visual or social media presence. Answer: Introduction This particular assignment conducts critical analysis on three popular songs sung by rapper during their music career. The first song taken for this study is Old School Love sung by Lupe Fiasco. The lyrics of the song are really touching and close to the heart of the singer. The next song is Alright sung by Kendrick Lamar. Finally, the third song explained in the study is Crooked Smile sung by J Cole. It is another love song portraying self-reflection of the singer. Critical analysis of two to three songs by Lupe Fiasco, Kendrick Lamar and J. Cole Lupe Fiasco Song- Old School Love Figure: Old School Love by Lupe Fiasco (Source: "Lupe Fiasco - Old School Love Ft. Ed Sheeran [OFFICIAL VIDEO]") Old School Love Single by Lupe Fiasco Featuring Ed Sheeran Released October 14 2013 Recorded 2013 Format Digital Download Genre Hip-hop Label 1st 15th Entertainment Atlantic Records Producers D J Frank E Writers Wasalu Jaco, Edward Sheeran and Justin Franks Length 4:33 Figure: Lupe Fiasco (Source: "Lupe Fiasco - Pick Up The Phone") Old School Love is a song by American rapper known as Lupe Fiasco. This song was released on 14 October, 2013 in promotion of his fifth studio album by Tetsuo Youth. In the song, Fiasco professes his love for old-school hip-hop with the lyrics. Ed Sheeran sings beautiful song in soulful and laid-back hook. Fiasco lyrics reflect upon the changes in hip-hop from 1980s to 1990s. This relates with hip-hop loss of innocence to the crime as well as struggles in plaguing for hometown Chicago. Kendrick Lamar Song- Alright Figure: Alright by Kendrick Lamar (Source: "Kendrick Lamar - Alright") Alright Single by Kendrick Lamar Album- To Pimp a Butterfly Released 30 July, 2015 Recorded 2014-15 Format Digital Download Genre Alternative Hip-hop Label Top Dawg, Aftermath and Interscope Producers Pharrell Williams. Sounwave and Michael Kuhle Writers Kendrick Duckworth, Mark spears and Pharrell Williams Length 3:39 Figure: Kendrick Lamar (Source: "Kendrick Lamar") Alright does American rapper Kendrick Lamar sing the third album. Lyrically, this is a festive song about hope. It mainly features unaccredited vocals at the time of chorus. Alright has received universal acclaim. This video begins with wide-angle shot in the Oakland Bridge describing dark sky paradise. The third scene of the video dedicates with donuts on little Homie. This particular video jumps to scene featuring Kendrick in an old school automobile with his black hippy brothers. J. Cole Song- Crooked Smile Figure: Crooked Smile by J Cole (Source: "J. Cole Ft. TLC - Crooked Smile (LYRICS)") Crooked Smile Single by J.Cole Album- Born Sinner Released June 4, 2013 Recorded 2012 Format Digital Download and radio airplay Genre Hip-hop and RB Label Roc Nation and Columbia Records Producers J. Cole and Elite Writers Jermaine Cole and Meleni Smith Length 4:39 Figure: J Cole (Source: Columbia Records) Crooked Smile is the second official single from his album Born Sinner. The single mainly features R B Group TLC as part of digital version. This song was ode to self-love and finds him counseling women for embracing the inner beauty created by God It is one of the empowering song. The song was a self-reflection on J Cole on embracing his imperfections and trying to get other people at the same time. The original version of the song was three years ago after the rapped version by J Cole over Tupac beat. Conclusion At the end of the study, it is concluded these three popular singers still has global presence for their contribution to music industry. They have received awards and love from audience. Fiasco has various lyrical techniques in his songwriting. On the other hand, Lamar usually has concept albums and incorporates elements of funk, free as well as spoken word poetry and jazz. As far as J. Cole is concerned, Cole develops other ventures from Dreamville Records and other non-profit organization in Dreamville Foundation. Reference List "J. Cole Ft. TLC - Crooked Smile (LYRICS)".YouTube. N.p., 2016. Web. 6 Aug. 2016. "Kendrick Lamar - Alright".YouTube. N.p., 2016. Web. 6 Aug. 2016. "Kendrick Lamar".Kendrick Lamar. N.p., 2016. Web. 6 Aug. 2016. "Lupe Fiasco - Old School Love Ft. Ed Sheeran [OFFICIAL VIDEO]".YouTube. N.p., 2016. Web. 6 Aug. 2016. "Lupe Fiasco - Pick Up The Phone".Lupefiasco.com. N.p., 2016. Web. 6 Aug. 2016. Columbia Records, HJ Conte. "J. Cole | Official Site".JColeMusic.com. N.p., 2016. Web. 6 Aug. 2016.

Richard III - Tragedy In Isolation Essays - Shakespearean Histories

Richard III - Tragedy in Isolation "The tragedy of Richard III lies in the progressive isolation of its protagonist". Discuss. From the very opening of the play when Richard III enters "solus", the protagonist's isolation is made clear. Richard's isolation progresses as he separates himself from the other characters and breaks the natural bonds between Man and nature through his efforts to gain power. The first scene of the play begins with a soliloquy, which emphasizes Richard's physical isolation as he appears alone as he speaks to the audience. This idea of physical isolation is heightened by his references to his deformity, such as "rudely stamp'd...Cheated of feature by Dissembling Nature, deformed, unfinished. This deformity would be an outward indication to the audience of the disharmony from Nature and viciousness of his spirit. As he hates "the idle pleasures of these days" and speaks of his plots to set one brother against another, Richard seems socially apart from the figures around him, and perhaps regarded as an outsider or ostracized because of his deformity. His separation from is family is emphasized when he says "Dive, thought's down to my soul" when he sees his brother approaching. He is unable to share his thought with his own family as he is plotting against them. Thus, we are given hints of his physical, social and spiritual isolation which is developed throughout the play. But despite these hints, he still refers to himself as part of the House of York, shown in the repeated use of "Our". The concept of Richard's physical isolation is reinforced in his dealings with Anne in Act I scene ii. She calls him "thou lump of foul deformity" and "fouler toad" during their exchange. Despite these insults, she still makes time to talk to Richard, and by the end of their exchange, she has taken his ring and been "woo'd" by him. After Richard has successfully gained the throne, he isolates himself when he asks the crowd to "stand all apart" in Act IV scene ii. And later, when Richard dreams, he is completely alone. Physical isolation in Richard's deformity wins sympathy from the audience as we pity his condition. But Richard uses his deformity as a tool against the other characters, to portray them as victimizing Richard. Thus the sense of tragedy is lessened by his own actions, even though his isolation may become greater as the play progresses. Richard's psychological isolation is conveyed through his lack of conscience in his murderous acts. Nowhere does he feel remorse for his murders, until Act V scene iii when he exclaims "Have mercy Jesu!" and "O coward conscience, how dost thou afflict me!". In this turning point, Richard's division from his own self is made clear from "I and I", and "Is there a murderer here? No. Yes, I am!" He has conflicting views of himself and realizes that "no creature" loves him, not even himself. We also never the "real" mind of Richard, for he is always playing a role, of a loving brother to Clarence, a lover to Anne or a victim to the others. We feel sympathy for Richard as he awakes in a vulnerable position and for the first time acknowledges the evil that he has done. But as he only reveals his feelings of guilt in the last act of the play, we do not see him in internal turmoil and thus the sense of psychological tragedy cannot be built upon. Socially, Richard is isolated from both the upper and lower classes of society. In Act I scene iii, Richard sarcastically calls Elizabeth "sister", and she contemptuously calls him "Brother of Gloucester" making a mockery of familial bonds. Margaret calls him "cacodemon" and "devil", and any unity that the characters have on stage is temporary and superficial. In act III, the citizens are said to be "mum" and "deadly pale", which gives a sense of quiet opposition to Richard's activities. Richard is thus separated from all around him. Temporarily, we see Richard and Buckingham share a kind of bond, as Richard calls him "My other self", "My Oracle" and "My prophet". But they part when Buckingham hesitates to kill the young princes when Richard says "I wish the bastards dead". This is the only time the